NFKB1 and cancer: In esophageal carcinoma nAChRs mediated nitrosamine responses by activating signaling pathways such as Ras-Raf-ERK1-ERK2 and the JAK2-STAT3 pathway and NF-κB and in GATA3 and STAT1 to promote the growth and inhibit apoptosis of the cancer cells [7].