Optimal Treg induction activity was seen in children without ongoing autoimmunity (insulin mimetope (ins.mim.1+4 final at 0.001 ng ml−1): 53.9±16.0 versus insulin-B-chain-epitope (0.001 ng ml−1): 0.0; P<0.05 or (0.01 ng ml−1): 7.7±6.4% of CD127lowCD25highCD4+T cells, Fig. 5a). This evidence concerns the gene INS and Autoimmunity.