NLRP3 and cystic fibrosis: To assess whether anakinra would also be able to inhibit NLRP3 activation in human CF bronchial ECs (CF-HBE), we evaluated NLRP3 and NLRC4 protein levels in primary HBE from non-CF patients and CF patients46 after 4 h of exposure to A. fumigatus, P. aeruginosa and/or anakinra.