In summary, our study represents the first analysis demonstrating that the very frequent G/G and C/G genotypes of the Dectin-1 SNP rs7309123 and the functionally relevant TLR2 SNP R753Q represent important genetic risk factors of developing pneumonia including pulmonary IFD in AML patients undergoing induction chemotherapy. The gene discussed is TLR2; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.