For instance, involvement of HSP70 and HSP90 in the formation of GCIs was suggested by earlier neuropathological studies [98;99], and it will be relevant to identify to what extent putative miRNA-mRNA interactions linked to the expression of Hspa5 and Hsp90ab1, respectively, may direct the disease process and α-synuclein processing in MSA. Here, HSPA5 is linked to multiple system atrophy.