The antisense oligodeoxynucleotide EZN-2968 demonstrated proof of concept viability as an inhibitor of HIF-1α in a phase I clinical trial with various refractory solid tumors, including colorectal, breast, pancreatic, adenoid cystic, mesothelioma, and Hurthle cell tumors, after showing promising results during in vivo experiments with 15PC3, PC3, and DU145 prostate cancer models (however, the sponsor suspended development of the agent and there are currently no active clinical trials) [65]. This evidence concerns the gene HIF1A and Familial prostate cancer.