In response to virus or HER2-p63 restimulation, a five- to tenfold increase in the magnitude of IFNγ+ T cells was found in mice treated with MVA-BN-HER2 compared to tumor-bearing mice that received no treatment (control) or CTLA-4 blockade alone, as shown by the relative size of the pie charts (Fig. 4a). Here, CTLA4 is linked to neoplasm.