BRAF and cancer: Mutated B-Raf kinases, like B-Raf(V600E), are potent activators of MEK/MAPK signalling, and drive oncogenic transformation in about 8% of all cancers, including 60%, 50%, 10% and 6% of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), melanoma, colorectal cancer (CRC), and lung cancer, respectively [1].