IL4 and Alzheimer disease: All of the cytokines tested were upregulated in the ear tissue, cervical lymph nodes, and splenocytes of AD mice, and EF-2001 inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α), Th1 (IFN-γ), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-31), IL-17, and IL-22 cytokines, and TSLP from the ear, cervical lymph node, or splenocyte tissues (Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6).