TLR4 and Hyperglycemia: TLR4 is an important membrane receptor, which not only can recognize most of exogenous ligands, like lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) [15], but also can bind to some endogenous ligands, such as fetuin-A (FetA) related to hyperglycemia and minimally modified low density lipoprotein (mmLDL) involved in hyperlipidemia [16,17].