Moreover, the hearts of transgenic mice overexpressing Gαq, which showed increased profilin abundance concomitant with hypertrophy, were previously characterized by reduced PIP2 levels that enhanced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and subsequent HF.46 Profilin-1 can bind PIP2 directly, and elevated levels may disproportionately deplete the phosphatidylinositol lipid, affect its availability for signal transduction, and contribute to cardiac remodelling. The gene discussed is PFN1; the disease is hydrops fetalis.