EDNRA and subarachnoid hemorrhage: Interestingly, there are numerous reports of upregulation of expression of ETB receptors in cerebrovascular smooth muscle in rat models of, for example, global ischemic stroke (Johansson et al., 2012), subarachnoid hemorrhage (Vikman et al., 2006), or cerebrovascular remodeling associated with diabetes (Kelly-Cobbs et al., 2011), although effectiveness of ETA or dual receptor antagonists in human cerebrovascular disease appears to be limited.