CKM and neoplasm: These results, together with the previous data, strongly suggest that the CXCL11-expressing oncolytic virus elicited potent systemic antitumor immunity, while the CKM targeted the tumor immunological microenvironment, promoting the trafficking of antitumor immune cells into the tumor and maintaining their antitumor activity, with little direct effect on the initial step of activation of antitumor immune cells.