One SNP (rs2245153) in the CYP24A1 gene showed a significant association with AL (beta 0.039; P 0.04) and myopia (OR 1.55; 95 % CI 1.04–2.31), 2 SNPs in CYP24A1 (rs4809959 beta 0.032; P 0.04 and rs3787557 beta 0.046; P 0.04) and one in the VDR (rs11568820 beta −0.042; P 0.03) only showed a significant association with axial length. The gene discussed is CYP24A1; the disease is myopia.