As a consequence of these findings, regulatory authorities recommended new contraindications and warnings for aliskiren-containing medicines in patients with diabetes or kidney problems [83] and required aliskiren investigational treatment to be withdrawn from patients with diabetes in Aliskiren Trial to Minimize Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure (ATMOSPHERE) [84,85], an ongoing trial of more than 7,000 patients with heart failure comparing aliskiren and the ACE inhibitor enalapril, alone and in combination. This evidence concerns the gene ACE and diabetes mellitus.