IRS1 and diabetes mellitus: As expected, the molecular analysis conducted in control mice-fed HFD for three weeks showed, compared to control mice-fed standard diet, that mRNA expression of candidate genes associated with insulin resistance and diabetes, such as insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS1, IRS2), were downregulated in liver (IRS1, t37 = 2.5, p < 0.01; IRS2, t37 = 4.2, p < 0.001), while in skeletal muscle IRS2 was downregulated (t37 = 3.1, p < 0.01).