TNF and chronic gastritis: Hp− chronic gastritis samples showed weak immunostaining in the foveolar epithelium for most cases of all proteins (Fig. 2D, F and 3D, E), except TGF‐β‐RII, which showed strong expression (Fig. 3F), besides immunostaining of inflammatory cells in some cases for TNF‐α and TGF‐β‐RII (Fig. 2D and 3F).