CHRNA5 and lung carcinoma: We, therefore, examined 10 SNPs including rs6495308 (MAF (Minor Allele Frequency) > 0.1 in Asians) in CHRNA5-A3-B4 gene clusters According to the HapMap data and previous studies[14,17,20,25–27], and, after our initial results, conducted a detailed analysis of rs6495308 and rs11072768 polymorphisms, and explored whether the two SNPs have a direct or indirect effect through smoking behaviors on lung cancer using a case-control study of 1025 patients: 204 with lung cancer and 821 healthy controls.