Furthermore, the quantity of both active TGF-β1 and phosphorylated Smad2 was lower in the LSKL-treated group, indicating that LSKL blocks the activation of TGF-β1 and as a consequence the entire signaling cascade, thus avoiding the further progress of hepatic fibrosis (Kondou et al., 2003). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and Hepatic fibrosis.