These include the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau and extracellular deposition of amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease (Hymanet al., 2012); the aggregation of alpha-synuclein in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) (McKeithet al., 2005); and the accumulation of several proteins including 3-repeat and 4-repeat tau, and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in frototemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) (Mackenzieet al., 2010). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.