Both the targeting of conventional myeloid DCs by GM-CSF and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) by CpG elicited impressive activation, maturation and recruitment of DCs to the SLN and a subsequent increase in melanoma-specific CD8+ T cells, supporting the utility of these agents as adjuvant treatment in early-stage melanoma patients [10–13]. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and melanoma.