Since studies have shown that TLR9 is de novo expressed in the podocytes or glomeruli in Lupus nephropathy and several other glomerular diseases, including IgAN and FSGS17, 18, 19, 21 and that TLR9 activation can induce NFκB or p38 MAPK signaling, two signaling pathways that are known to be involved in podocyte apoptosis8, 10, 11, 22, we hypothesized that the de novo expressed TLR9 may promote podocyte apoptosis in the glomerular diseases. This evidence concerns the gene TLR9 and glomerular disorder.