Several mechanisms of HIF-1 inhibition have been reported: agents like Topotecan, Digoxin or PX-478, may inhibit the translation or protein synthesis of HIF-1α; Topotecan which is approved by FDA to treat several cancers, including ovarian cancer and small-cell lung cancer, has also been tested in clinical trials to target HIF-1 [97]. The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is ovarian cancer.