CD274 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: On the other hand, some intrinsic oncogenic pathway (like anaplastic lymphoma kinase in lung cancer [23], loss of tumor suppressor phosphate and tension homolog in pancreatic cancer [24] etc.)have been reported to drive PD-L1 expression and, in the meanwhile, are involved in key cellular functions such as proliferation, growth, and survival [25–27].