However, Tlr4 is highly expressed in macrophages and the causative role of macrophage-mediated inflammation in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance has also been well documented, so the proinflammatory activation of macrophages in liver, predominantly Kupffer cells, accounting for more than 80% of resident macrophages in the whole body, may also play a role. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is Insulin resistance.