PPM1D and breast carcinoma: In this way one can simulate cancer cell lines that are known to have elevated expression of Wip1 such as MCF-7, BT474 (breast cancers), OVCAR4 (ovarian cancer), MOLT4 (lymphoma), U2OS (osteosarcoma) [50–52,54,103], lines of decreased PTEN expression such as MCF-7 (breast cancer), H1299, H322, Calu1 (lung cancers) [58–60], or with amplification of PI3K gene, such as MKN1, SNU1 (gastric cancers), OVCAR4, A2780 (ovarian cancers) [63–70].