The clinicopathological similarities among all types of ALS, as well as the co-presence of mislocalized TDP-43 or FUS along with misfolded SOD1 in pathology, led us to determine that aberrant cytoplasmic localization of TDP-43 or FUS triggers misfolding of HuWtSOD1 in cell culture models4. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.