CD4 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: This differs from our study population, which was selected to start early antiretroviral treatment with CD4 counts below 800/mm3 and no criteria for starting ART according to WHO guidelines (inclusion criteria in the trial) Previous studies have evoked racial origin as a risk factor for overweight and obesity [30], but living conditions, type of diet [31, 32], and economic and sociocultural factors have been shown to play an important role in the development of obesity [33, 34].