On the other hand, it has been shown that gut microbiota-mediated triggering of intestinal epithelial TLRs is not critical for promoting intestinal inflammation once mice lacking TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), but not MyD88/TRIF, were protected from dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis (79). The gene discussed is MYD88; the disease is colitis.