Enlargement of endosomal compartments containing amyloid precursor protein (APP) peptides (Takahashi et al., 2002), lysosomal deficits, and progressive accumulation of autophagic vacuoles are widely observed in AD human samples and corresponding mouse models (Cataldo et al., 1997, Nixon and Yang, 2011, Nixon et al., 2005). The gene discussed is APP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.