Using cell-based assays, serum MOG antibody has been shown to be primarily associated with pediatric acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), optic neuritis (ON), transverse myelitis (TM), and aquaporin 4 antibody-negative neuromyelitis optica (NMO) [2–4]. The gene discussed is MOG; the disease is acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.