Although the effects of miR-342 reconstitution are restricted to a specific genetic background, the BRCA1 mutation found in HCC1937 cells is one of the most common germ-line mutations in individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry and in Central and Eastern Europeans [46], such that the potential therapeutic application of miR-342 will benefit a high proportion of hereditary breast cancer patients. Here, BRCA1 is linked to breast carcinoma.