CTHRC1 and melanoma: Interestingly, in melanoma cells, we found that CTHRC1 was coordinately expressed with the invasion- and angiogenesis-promoting genes FN1, ITGB3, and NFATC2. In functional analyses, we found that CTHRC1 was required for cell migration/invasion and may regulate the switch between the proliferative and invasive phenotypes.