AFP and neoplasm: In our study, simultaneous elevation of tumor markers (AFP and CA19-9) or tumor marker elevation (AFP or CA19-9) in discordance with enhancement pattern on CEUS or on CT was demonstrated in significantly more patients (51.1 %, 53.3 % respectively) than simultaneous elevation of tumor markers (AFP and CA19-9) alone (15.6 %, p = 0.000), indicating that when both the results of tumor makers and imaging features of CEUS or CT were taken into consideration, the possibility of cHCC-CC may be suggested in significantly more patients.