PLN and familial dilated cardiomyopathy: In the initial report of the PLN c.25C > T (p.R9C) mutation by Schmitt and colleagues6, the mutation was associated with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern in DCM which was characterised by increased cardiac chamber dimensions, decreased contractile function at 20–30 years of age and progression to heart failure within 5–10 years after symptom onset6, a phenotype remarkably similar to that observed in the DCM 320 family.