PLN and familial dilated cardiomyopathy: To date, there are six PLN mutations (c.25C > T (p.R9C)6, 18, c.26G > T (p.R9L)23, 24, c.26G > A (p.R9H)24, c.40_42delAGA (p.R14del)8, 10, 13, 25, 26, c.73C > T (p.R25C)27 and c.116T > G (p.L39X)7) that are associated with DCM, one with ARVC (c.40_42delAGA (p.R14del)10) and three with HCM (c.116T > G (p.L39X)9, 28, c.1-77A > G29 and c.1-42C > G30) (Table 1).