By univariate analysis, the development of HCC was associated with older age (≥60 years) (P = 0.0085), higher pre-treatment ALT level (≥40 U/L) (P = 0.042), higher post-treatment ALT level (≥40 U/L) (P < 0.0001), higher AFP level (≥10.0 ng/mL) (P = 0.0030), higher fasting serum insulin level (≥15.0 μU/mL) (P = 0.0033), higher HOMA-IR (≥2.5) (P < 0.0001), advanced fibrosis (METAVIR F3), and non-SVR (P < 0.0001). Here, INS is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.