NLRP3 and infection: To further confirm LM mainly activates NLRP3 inflammasome, we used wild-type and NLRP3−/− B6 cells to analyze the IL-1β release and caspase-1 activation upon LM infection (ATP and poly (dA:dT) were used as the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome activators, respectively).