For example, we will analyze the role of serum S-100b protein and uric acid as possible prognostic biomarkers [44–46, 56], the relationship between serum levels of TNF-ɑ, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and C-reactive protein and different non-motor symptoms [47–51], or the sensitivity and specificity of a simple puzzle test as a cognitive impairment screening test. Here, TNF is linked to Cognitive impairment.