APOE and age-related macular degeneration: A pathogenic role of Il6 is more recently highlighted by Levy and colleagues, who show that accumulation of the AMD biomarker apolipoprotein E (APOE) in subretinal macrophages up-regulates their expression of Il6, which in turn promotes their increased survival and induction of retinal pathology in light-damaged Cx3cr1−/− mice [59].