Indeed, topoisomerase II inhibitors and cytostatics with a different mode-of-action such as alkylating agents or 5-fluorouracil [1, 8] but all implicated in the etiology of therapy-induced leukemia or MLL rearrangements can recruit dormant HSC into the replication cycle as a result of chemotherapy-associated cytopenia. Here, KMT2A is linked to leukemia.