Collagen/elastin ratio were 0.97 (range, 0.77 to 2.24), 2.19 (range, 1.77 to 4.09), 1.06 (range, 0.82 to 1.46), and 1.54 (range, 1.20 to 2.08) in the C group, the AD group, the CA group, and the CA + AD group, respectively. Here, ELN is linked to Alzheimer disease.