In our study, we isolated hGSCs from primary GBM tissues and identified the characteristics of GSCs by clonal formation assay (self-renew ability), FACS analysis (90% cells in the tumor spheres were double positive on CD133 and Nestin), GFAP and Tuj-1 immunofluorescence experiment (multi-differentiation ability) (Figure 1B). Here, NES is linked to neoplasm.