CCL5 and infection: Pro-inflammatory mediators such as CXCL8 and CCL5 generated during infection potentially perpetuate underlying chronic inflammation,27, 28 while pre-existing allergic inflammation may be enhanced by HRV infection.29 We hypothesized that SAPS would also be effective in disease, and examined the actions of SAPS on HRV infection of human PBECs obtained from people with COPD.