In addition, recent studies showing alterations in JNK signaling in various kinds of tumors indicate that modulation of JNK signaling might be a promising tool for preventing cancer development (Jørgensen et al., 2006; López-Sánchez et al., 2007; Nakamura and Takekawa, 2012; Davies and Tournier, 2012). This evidence concerns the gene MAPK8 and cancer.