MYD88 and skin infection: Both IL-1R and TLR-2 signal through myeloid differentiation primary-response protein 88 (MyD88) to activate downstream signalling, which induces the nuclear factor-κB (NF- κB) and mitogen-activating protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathways, leading to the transcription of proinflammatory genes, such as TNFα and IL-6, which recruit neutrophils during S. aureus skin infections [28,29].