This would be consistent with numerous other studies that have shown that only a fraction of sarcomas express E-cadherin and indeed 90% of epithelioid sarcoma cases were reported to be E-cadherin negative.36 The molecular mechanism(s) underlying the promigratory role of TBX3 in carcinomas and sarcomas therefore appears to be different and future studies identifying TBX3 target genes as well as signalling pathways that upregulate TBX3 in sarcomas would likely shed light on this. This evidence concerns the gene TBX3 and carcinoma.