PARP1 and neoplasm: To determine the relevance of PARP1 as a biomarker for OSCC, we first explored PARP1 expression patterns in human oral cancer tissues, along with PARP1 expression in adjacent healthy tissues in 12 human tongue tumor specimens obtained from the Department of Pathology at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), which were histopathologically staged using H&E stained biopsy tissue following the standard tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) classification.