HMGA1 and cancer: To further sustain the HMGA1 function in cancer development, its expression levels have been associated with histologic grade of breast and ovarian carcinomas, where HMGA1 expression gradually enhances from no expression in normal breast tissue, to modest expression in hyperplastic lesions to overexpression in ductal carcinomas [67, 68], and augments from faintly expressed in ovarian carcinomas with low invasive potential to extremely expressed in invasive carcinomas [55, 69].