Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by the presence of kidney injury for ≥3 months, with the markers of kidney injury being a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2), urinary abnormalities including albuminuria (≥30 mg/day or albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g), hematuria and pyuria, electrolyte disturbances caused by tubular dysfunction, renal structural abnormalities detected by imaging or biopsy procedures, and renal transplants [80]. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is chronic kidney disease.