BRAF and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In the case of ER and BRAF, their expression has been found to be prognostic in other tumor types as well, such as ER for non-small-cell lung cancer and the BRAF V600E mutant being observed in 45 % of papillary thyroid cancers and 11 % of colorectal cancers, showing the potential for predictive molecular characteristics to be extrapolated across histological boundaries [2–5].